Kodi makapu adayamba kutchuka liti?

Makapu apepalaKodi makapu otaya amapangidwa ndi pepala ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi pulasitiki kapena phula la pulasitiki kuti asalepheretse madzi kuti asamale kapena kuwononga pepala. Itha kupangidwa kuchokera papepala lokonzedwanso ndipo limagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi.

Pali zolemba zaMakapu apepalaM'dziko lathuli, ndipo pepala lidapangidwa m'zaka za zana la 2 BC.Makapu apepalaamagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka tiyi. Amapangidwa mosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikukongoletsa ndi zokongoletsera. Maumboni a makapu opezeka mapepala amapezeka pofotokozera za nyumba za Yudia kuchokera mumzinda wa Hangzhou.
Achikho chamakonoadapangidwa m'zaka za zana la 20. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, magalasi kapena mahatchi ambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi magwero amadzi, monga mabatani kapena zidebe pama sitima. Ntchito yogawana iyi imadzetsa nkhawa za anthu. Kafukufuku wodziwika yemwe adagwiritsa ntchito anali kafukufuku wochitidwa ndi Alvin Davidson, pulofesa wa biology wa lafayette, ku Eastonvania, mu magazini yosangalatsa "Imfa Galasi Yakumwa". Sukulu ya Anthu Onse. Nkhaniyi idasindikizidwa ndikugawidwa ndi dipatimenti ya Massachusetts of Health mu Novembala 1909.
Kutengera zinthu izi, ndipo monga zopangira mapepala (makamaka pambuyo poyambitsa chikho cha dixie mu 1908) chinakhala chotsika mtengo komanso choletsa, chiletso chakomwe chidaperekedwa kwa zikho. Imodzi mwa makampani oyamba kugwiritsa ntchitomakapu otayaKampani ya sitima yapamadzi inali yogwiritsa ntchito mu 1909. Pofika mu 1917 ,galasi pagulu linali litasowa magalimoto oyendera njanji ndipo linasinthidwaMakapu apepalaM'malamulo omwe magalasi aboma anali asanaletsedwe.

Makapu apepalaamagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'zipatala pazifukwa zaumoyo. Mu 1942, massachusetts State University opezeka mu kafukufuku yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito magalasi osasamba omwe anali osilira ndikugwirira ntchito nthawi 1.6 nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mkate umodzi. Izi maphunziro, limodzi ndi chiopsezo chochepa chopingasa, talimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala m'zipatala.
Akapu kapuPepala lapansi limatchedwa "kapu bolodi", yomwe imapangidwa ndi makina apadera amitundu yapadera. Imakhala ndi zokutira zamadzi. Pepalalo limafunikira kuuma kwambiri komanso kuthira kwamphamvu. Khobu BREARD Magele ali ndi mapangidwe apadera a ntchito yopanga chikho. Njira yopanga yopanga imafunikira malo abwino a pepala ndi zokutira pulasitiki. Kupukusa pakamwa kowoneka bwino kumapereka kuuma ndikugwira ntchito kapu.

Poyamba,Makapu apepalaZakumwa zotentha zinapangidwa limodzi, ndipo pepalalo linali logonjetsedwa ndi madzi pokwirira dothi laling'ono pansi pa kapu, kenako yopindika pa liwiro lalitali kuti musunthire dongo la kapu. Komabe, izi zidapangitsa kuti chakumwa chimvune komanso katoni.
Makapu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomwa zakumwa zozizira sangagwiritsidwe ntchito chimodzimodzi, monga kuvomerezedwa kunja kenako kulowerera mu mbale, kupanga chikho chosakhazikika. Kuti athetse vutoli, opanga chikho adapanga njira yotsatsira mkati ndi kunja kwa chikho ndi sera. Makapu okutidwa ndi polyethylene (pe) adapanga dongo ndi sera lophika lopanda sera, njira yomwe imatchingira bolodi ndi ma seams omwe amayenda limodzi.

Mu 2017, Cardboard Workill Wotkamills adayambitsa chikho chatsopano (chakudya) cha chakudya chomwe sichigwiritsa ntchito sera kapena pulasitiki kuti ubwezeretse madzi osungirako mapepala ndi katoni.
Mu 2017, a Smart Purnet Tetekinolologies, kampani yatsopano ya Newport, idayambitsidwa ndi kubwezeretsa kwa msika wa UK ', aKalata yobwezerezedwansoZimaphatikizidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa polyethylene ndi mchere womwe ungabwezeretsedwe kudzera mu mapepala wamba.